A Collection of Articles and Information
 
Below is a collecton of articles and information compiled by Terry James Mohaupt. The first section is the introduction included in the original e-mail. The second is a browsable Table of Contents. The remainder of the page contains 22 articles of interest.  

ILLINOIS ASSOCIATION FOR GIFTED CHILDREN

an affiliate of National Association for Gifted Children

TO: IAGC Parent Group and Advocacy leaders
CC: IAGC President, Chair, and Exec. Director
FROM:
Terry James Mohaupt, Chairman, Parent Affiliates

For the new year, here are some Gifted Children Parenting and Advocacy articles and information to share with your memberships, to add to your archives, to include in a newsletter or handbook, and/or on your website.

  • Many you already have, but they would be good for people who are new to your groups.
  • All are reprinted with permission.
  • Edit as you need.

Thanks,
T J M

P.S.: If printed, this page will run over 40 pages.


 

Contents: (Click on the title to go to the article. There are "Back to Contents List" links at the end of each article.)

1. Ten Tips for Talking to Teachers


2. Assertiveness and Effective Parent Advocacy


3. How to Make Parent-Teacher Conferences Worthwhile and Productive


4. Learn to Ask Questions, Get Services


5. The Power of Advocacy


6. Pitfalls in Advocacy Efforts for Gifted and Talented Children


7. How to Work with Boards of Education


8. Options for Parent Involvement


9. A handful of "KNOWS" for parent advocates


10. Suggestions for Working with School Boards


11. Ideas, Activities, and Projects for Parent Support Groups


12. Promoting Gifted Education in Your Community


13. Questions Parents of Gifted Students Should Ask Schools


14. The Tea and Terrorist Society/Parent Advocacy at the District Level


15. Ten Tips for Parents of Students


16. What Works!


17. Who Are The Gifted?


18. Why Should Gifted Education Be Supported?


19. Tips for Building Collaborative Relationships with the School


20. Tips for Parenting High Ability Children


21. Gifted online fora


22. Gifted Education in the 21st Century

 

 

Ten Tips for Talking to Teachers

Jim Delisle, Ph.D. & Judy Galbraith, M.A.


Are you having a problem with a class or an assignment?  Can you see room for improvement in how a subject is taught?  Do you have a better idea for a special project or term paper?  Don't just tell your friends.  Talk to the teacher!
Many students don't know how to go about doing this.  The following suggestions are meant to make it easier for everyone - students and teachers.
1. Make an appointment to meet and talk.  This shows the teacher that you're serious and you have some understanding of his or her busy schedule.  Tell the teacher about how much time you'll need, be flexible, and don't be late.
2. If you know other students who feel the way you do, consider approaching the teacher together.  There's strength in numbers.  If a teacher hears the same thing from four or five people, he or she is more likely to do something about it.
3. Think through what you want to say before you go into your meeting with the teacher.  Write down your questions or concerns.  Make a list of the items you want to cover.  You may even want to copy your list for the teacher so both of you can consult it during your meeting.  (Or consider giving it to the teacher ahead of time.)
4. Choose your words carefully.  Example:  Instead of saying, "I hate doing reports; they're boring and a waste of time," try, "Is there some other way I could satisfy this requirement?  Could I do a video instead?"  Strike the word "boring" from your vocabulary.  It's a word that's not helpful for teachers (and it might even make them mad.)
5. Don't expect the teacher to do all of the work or propose all of the answers.  Be prepared to make suggestions, offer solutions, even recommend resources.  The teacher will appreciate that you took the initiative.
6. Be diplomatic, tactful, and respectful.  Teachers have feelings, too.  And they're more likely to be responsive if you remember that the purpose of your meeting is conversation, not confrontation.
7. Focus on what you need, not on what you think the teacher is doing wrong.  The more the teacher learns about you, the more he or she will be able to help.  The more defensive the teacher feels, the less he or she will want to help.
8. Don't forget to listen.  Strange but true, many students need practice in this essential skill.  The purpose of your meeting isn't just to hear yourself talk.
9. Bring your sense of humor.  Not necessarily the joke-telling sense of humor, but the one that lets you laugh at yourself and your own misunderstandings and mistakes.
10. If your meeting isn't successful, get help from another adult.  "Successful" doesn't necessarily mean that you emerged victorious.  Even if the teacher denies your request, your meeting can still be judged successful.  If you had a real conversation - if you communicated openly, listened carefully, and respected each other's point of view - then congratulate yourself on a great meeting.  If the air crackled with tension, the meeting fell apart, and you felt disrespected (or acted disrespectful), then it's time to bring in another adult.  Suggestions:  a guidance counselor, the gifted program coordinator, or another teacher you know and trust who seems likely to support you and advocate for you.  Once you've found help, approach your teacher and try again.

Excerpted from When Gifted Kids Don't Have All the Answers: How to Meet Their Social and Emotional Needs by Jim Delisle, Ph.D., and Judy Galbraith, M.A. İ 2002 . Used with permission from Free Spirit Publishing Inc., Minneapolis, MN; 1-800-735-7323; http://www.freespirit.com. All rights reserved.

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Assertiveness and Effective Parent Advocacy
by Marie Sherrett, Excerpt from the December 1996 Issue of Parenting for High Potential

I find that parents of children with special education needs come in several categories:
*Pacifists or those who gets things done;
* Clinging vines or parent advocates;
* Silent victims or fighters;
*Dreamers or crusaders;
*Waiters or initiators;
* Bombshells or assertive parents;
* Appeasing compromisers or action heroes.

Which are you?

Parents are not assertive if they:
* Beat around the bush;
* Fail to describe problems;
* Feel guilty or are afraid to be vocal;
* Agree with professionals to keep peace;
* Ignore the right to services;
* Leave everything to others;
* Accept excuses for inappropriate or inadequate services;
* Beg for what the law says a child should have;
* Abdicate to others the right to advocate for a child;
* Depend on others to advocate;
* Give up because of red tape;
* Are too hasty to act;
* Fail to act;
* Accept the status quo;
* Give in to defeat;
* Are uncomfortable with accomplishments;
* Discourage your child from having hope for success.

What do you do?

Assertive parents
* Express themselves clearly, directly and without guilt;
* Are not intimidated;
* Prepare for meetings;
* Stay together;
* Are informed;
* Keep records;
* Collaborate;
* Effectively communicate;
* Demonstrate self-confidence;
* Advocate effectively;
* Are self-reliant and independent;
* Persist;
* Analyze problems;
* Organize to effect change;
* Are positive and strong;
* Have pride;
* Encourage others and hold people accountable.

Does this describe you?

Advocacy helps you get services for all special education children in the least restrictive environment. Then you can participate, plan for educational programs, and get legislation passed.

Advocacy opens new doors so children may become part of the community. Advocacy knocks down barriers and prepares children for independence.

To meet others, you can
* Publish a letter or article for your local papers
* Pass out flyers at school
* Organize public meetings
* Encourage volunteers
* Plan
* Have goals and objectives
* Talk to the media (I love to do this!)

None of this is easy but the rewards can be fantastic!

Remember: Parents put together Public Law 94-142. Parents who vote urged Congress to pass the law that became the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.

You can make things better for the next generation without filing for due process. How?

You must learn the art of persuasion, advocacy-style!

There is both safety and strength in numbers.

If you can go over a hill and change a classroom, you can go over a mountain and change a state's respite care services, early infant and toddler program, inclusive educational situations and training manuals. There is no end to the positive changes one parent can achieve! Together, we are more powerful!

Now these things cannot occur overnight. But if a parent says to me, "What can I do? I'm only one person," I say, "You have no idea the power you have."

In five years, our Chapter made local and state changes. None of our parents felt alone.

You, too, can change the world for those with special education needs and disabilities.

Am I asking a lot? Yes, I am.

I am asking you to learn, read and network. You must take these steps for your children and the children who will come along behind your children.

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How to Make Parent-Teacher Conferences Worthwhile and Productive
By Arlene DeVries

Parent-teacher conferences provide excellent opportunities for home and school to unite in an effort to enrich a child's social and academic growth. Teachers bring expertise in content areas, curriculum planning, classroom organization, and student motivation. Parents have unique insights about their child's needs, aspirations, interests, and aptitudes. The challenge lies in discovering the best way for you and your child's teachers to communicate and implement appropriate enrichment experiences.
Before the Conference, Educate Yourself

1. Know School Policies. Gather information about the district mission statement and the board of education's priorities for school improvement by attending local school board meetings and parent advisory committees or advocacy groups for parents of gifted/talented students. Does the mission statement mention educating students to the full extent of their abilities, aptitudes, capabilities, and interests? Does it mention meeting the needs of each student? Are there provisions for parent and community involvement? Find out which staff persons in your district and in your school are responsible for gifted education. Become familiar with educational vocabulary in order to talk professionally with school personnel.

2. Know State and Local Guidelines for Gifted Programs. Contact the individual responsible for gifted/talented education in the state department of education for information on state guidelines and mandates. Find out in which areas of giftedness (e.g., academic aptitude, visual arts, performing arts, leadership) students are identified and served. Research the program components in your district. Are there compacted or modified

assignments, grade or subject acceleration, classroom enrichment, community experiences, Advanced Placement or honors classes, early graduation, post-secondary enrollment, independent study, or mentorships?Read books and professional magazines on gifted education and attend conferences. Talk to other parents of gifted children to find out what has and has not worked for them in the educational system.

3. Know Your Child. Be comfortable with your child's giftedness and with the label "gifted." Seek to understand the strengths and weaknesses, both academically and socially, that your child displays at school. Prior to a conference, talk to your child about his or her concerns and frustrations with school as well as about the tasks he or she especially enjoys or completes with ease. Be prepared to share any special situations or needs at home such as illness, death, divorce, re-marriage, or job change that may have an impact on the child's school performance. Be sure to bring specific examples of some of your child's interests and talents displayed outside the classroom (e.g., a poem, drawing, cartoon, photo of a collection, or hobby).

At the Conference, Use Positive Communication Techniques

Arrive promptly at the scheduled conference time. Enter confidently and shake hands with the teacher, giving your name and your child's name. Both parents should attend when possible. Single parents might ask a relative, friend, or someone who shares responsibility for the child to accompany them. When possible, arrange to sit in an adult chair at eye level with the teacher. Listen actively. Be calm, diplomatic, and tactful. With your body language show that you are interested in what the teacher has to say. If you feel you are leaving conferences with only surface information such as test scores and attendance records, ask some questions that will delve deeper into the child's school life. For example:

1. Does our child seem happy in school? What are his or her special interests and strengths?

2. How does our child interact with others (age-level peers, older children, younger children, adults)? Is he or she perceived as a "know-it-all" and made fun of, or do others seek him or her out?

3. Does the academic work seem challenging, or is it done with little effort?

4. Are provisions made for students to learn at their own pace? Are assignments altered to accommodate abilities and interests?

5. If our child participates in special gifted/talented experiences, is he or she expected to make up regular classroom work?

6. How does our child feel about trying new things or making mistakes?

7. Are there opportunities for critical and creative thinking and for problem solving? How does our child respond?

8. In what ways does our child show the ability to work independently, accept leadership roles, assume responsibility, and exhibit intellectual curiosity?

9. What can we do to help our child develop his or her talents?

10. Are there appropriate after-school or summer enrichment opportunities available for our child?

Find ways to show appreciation for the positives that happen in the classroom. Avoid absolutes (always, never) and words describing your child that might have a negative impact on the teacher (bored, brilliant). Instead, use language such as, "My child seems to learn differently" or "needs less time and fewer repetitions to master the content." Express a willingness to help solve problems. The emphasis is on what you and the teacher can do together, not just what the teacher can do.

If you do not understand or agree with the teacher's suggestions, reflect on the possibilities and follow up later. After giving some thought to an idea or trying it at home, you may find it has value. On other occasions, you might conclude that you and the teacher need to look for a better way to proceed.

When making curriculum suggestions, be specific about a strategy that fits your child's needs and has been recognized in quality gifted programs. Show how it reflects the district's goals or policies and how you could help at home to make it successful. It is important that these suggestions be made first with the child's classroom teacher. Only when you have been unable to reach a mutual decision after several honest professional attempts should you take the issue to the principal or gifted education supervisor.

Finally, teachers appreciate follow-up notes thanking them for their time and interest in your child. School communication is a vital and on-going process. The more insights you and the teacher share about each other and your child, the greater the chances for educational growth.

Arlene DeVries is currently chair of the Parent/Community Division of NAGC, co-chair of its Parent Institute Task Force, and a member of NAGC's Advocacy and Parent Magazine task forces. She is vice president and local parent chapter liaison for the Iowa Talented and Gifted Association and has been the Community Resource Consultant for the Des Moines Schools gifted/talented program for the past 15 years.

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Learn to Ask Questions, Get Services
By Laurie from New York, Excerpt from the December 1996 Issue of Parenting for High Potential

When I began to advocate for my daughter, I felt insecure when I requested services or supports for her.

Because I felt insecure, I supported my requests with lots of documentation --articles, reports and recommendations from experts, test results, and information about specialized equipment. I was calm, polite, and in control.

I was surprised to find that the "powers that be" would not provide the services and supports that I requested for my daugher.

How Do They Perceive Me?

Why was I having this problem? What could I do?

It seemed that when I made a request, the educational experts viewed me as a ³Know it All Parent² who thought she knew more about my child's needs than they did. I realized that they felt threatened.

Now when I go to an IEP meeting, I have a mental list of the accommodations my child needs. What took me so long to do ­ to ask for what my child needs ­I NEVER do! Now I ask questions so the educators come up with the desired solution, NOT me.

Strategies: Asking Questions to Identify Solutions

My child Susie has a hearing loss. I want Susie to sit near the teacher OR have a speakerphone in the classroom. I won't ask that Susie sit near the teacher or have a speakerphone.

Instead, I will say, "Gee, Susie really loves her teacher, Mrs. Smith. Itıs sad that Susie can't hear much that Mrs. Smith says. You know Susie has a hearing loss? (submit medical report) Susie really wants to do well on the new state tests. I wonder what we can do . . .

At this point, someone is likely to say, "Let's have her sit by the teacher" or "Let's get a speakerphone for her."

I say, "That's a wonderful idea. I'm so glad you thought of it."

Strategies: Saying "Thank You"

I thank the team members for letting Susie sit near Mrs. Smith, the teacher she likes so much. I know this sounds crazy but I found it works most of the time. Educators/experts are happy when THEY come up with the way to meet the childıs needs! Sometimes, they have ideas that I had not considered either!

I decided it doesnıt matter who comes up with the solution as long as my child's needs are met!

Last year, we moved to a new school district in a different part of the state. We had a "clean slate." I had a chance to try out my techniques with a new group of educators. I gave them my childıs IEP and told them about the equipment our former school used (the former school was willing to sell the stuff to them).

I could tell them everything they needed to know about my daughter but until they met her and got to know her for themselves, I was just another "yappy" parent.

I learned another lesson: our children often win over people on their own!

IEP Day: My Child Has Many Advocates

When IEP day came, more people were advocating for my daughter than I could imagine. I sat there feeling stunned, not saying much.

I heard, "We need to base her services on what she needs, NOT the availability of a TVI (Teacher of the Visually Impaired)" and "We need to have some training in this area" and "We must order these Braille books immediately."

They had already purchased the equipment from the old school ­ it was sitting on the table!

When I meet or talk with school staff, I explain that my daughter needs access to the general curriculum. She must have instructional materials in Braille, services from a teacher of the visually impaired, and orientation and mobility instruction.

I also explain that she wants to be like other kids. I do not expect the school to cartwheels just for her! When they realized that I do not want to break their budget or create unnecessary extra work for them, theyıve been great. I can honestly say that I don't feel that I'm an at odds with them! (But I still donıt let down my guard.)

I look at it this way: If an educator came into my home and told me how to decorate the rooms and what color to paint my walls, I would not be very happy!

I canıt say that everything has been smooth sailing ­ we have had some glitches and are getting some things in place for next year. I think this is the case whenever people with different interests work together for a common goal.

Parents need to figure out how to get the educators to come up with what our children need. My strategies are one approach. I'll bet other parents have ideas too!

It's sort of silly when you think about it -- like a game!

From Wrightslaw

You're right, it's like a game. And you hit a home run!

If a parent asks for a specific service or support, this generally ensures that the school will not provide that service or support.

After you struck out, you spent time thinking about the meetings. You thought about how you were perceived by school people (a Know-it-All or "yappy parent). You understood that if you took over the role of "Expert," you would leave no role for the educators.

If school people feel threated or disrespected by you, they will look for a way to shoot you down. This is human nature - it is not specific to special education.

Many parents do not understand these issues. Since many parents feel insecure in their dealings with school people, it's hard for them to put their egos on the back burner.

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THE POWER OF ADVOCACY
by Kay Fecke, distributed by the Department of Public Instruction, 1989.

Advocacy - What is it?

Advocacy is the active support of an idea or cause. An advocate is a person who by word and deed shows others his/her position on a given issue.

What is EFFECTIVE advocacy?

While there are many degrees of advocacy, merely speaking out on an issue does not mean the advocate will effectively influence the target audience. In order to be effective, a sound understanding of the issue is necessary. Research through available literature or direct information from authorities on the subject will help to prepare the effective advocate. The advocate can then carefully plan the advocacy effort.

An EFFECTIVE advocate knows the issue well and uses that knowledge skillfully.

Why advocate for the gifted and talented?

Gifted and talented are not automatically assured of appropriate educational services in many schools or districts throughout the country. In many instances it is necessary to advocate first for awareness and understanding of who the gifted and talented are and why they have special needs. After an awareness has been gained it is necessary to advocate for appropriate programs.

The gifted and talented are often misunderstood and become dropout statistics rather than achieving their fullest potential. Gifted and talented children need advocates to help them succeed and overcome the myths and stereotypes surrounding giftedness. In many instances they are "handicapped" by their giftedness. If skilled advocates are not available, the myths and misunderstandings will be perpetuated.

What is Individual Advocacy - and when is it appropriate?

A parent, educator, or concerned other may find it necessary to advocate on behalf of an individual child or family. In the event that a school or district does not have an appropriate program for the child, the advocates must determine the desired goals and carefully plan the most appropriate means of reaching these goals. It may be necessary to advocate in an individual case to more appropriately tailor an existing G/T program to the special needs of the child.

What is Group Advocacy - and when is it appropriate?

When several concerned individuals identify a common goal or goals for an advocacy effort they may decide to advocate as a group. It is important to establish clear goals. It is vital to use a unified approach. Group advocacy is effective if the group is working together in a knowledgeable and skilled way.

When the desired goals will have an effect on several children or families in the school or district it is appropriate to involve a group in the advocacy effort. A group encourages a school or district to address the issue because it shows that a significant number of people are concerned.

Why should you become an advocate?

Your active effective advocacy is needed, not just for the gifted and talented children you already know, but for those you will never know as well. The greater the awareness of the needs of the gifted and talented the more likely it will be that appropriate programs will be developed. The more programs developed and the better the understanding of gifted and talented children the more widespread services for the gifted and talented will become. The goal of advocacy for the gifted and talented is to have appropriate educational services available to all G/T children to allow them to fulfill their potential without the misunderstandings which now often occur.

If you won't do this, who will?

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PITFALLS IN ADVOCACY EFFORTS FOR GIFTED AND TALENTED CHILDREN
(From Minnesota Council for Gifted and Talented News - November/December 1983.)

Using An Adversarial Rather Than A Persuasive Approach

There is a natural tendency for us to model after the advocates for the rights of minorities and rights of the handicapped. Those "other advocates" were very adept in various pressure tactics. But these tactics will not work as well for advocates of the gifted for three reasons: The cause is different. Times have changed. We are wiser.

Assuming That People In Administrative And Political Positions Are Not Too Bright Or Not Very Knowledgeable - Or Both

Such attitudes and actions are destructive to any cause. They are particularly deadly if the advocate is speaking on behalf of the gifted. Advocates seldom realize that these decision makers have to grapple with issues that we do not understand. Despite our own feelings on the matter, gifted and talented programs will probably always be a minor issue.

Being Patient

It is very tough to be patient when you see children whose abilities need attention and development RIGHT NOW. But patience in advocacy for the gifted and talented is more than a virtue, it is a requirement.

Being Human

The failure of many advocacy efforts for the gifted and talented (or for any other cause for that matter) can be directly or indirectly traced to a common human malady - egoism. Perhaps the toughest challenge you will face as an advocate for the gifted and talented will not be to testify before a legislative committee, but to manage to get a group of fellow advocates to work together. Getting that chorus together will require a lot of effort and selflessness so that no one voice rises above the others.

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HOW TO WORK WITH BOARDS OF EDUCATION
(From An Advocate's Guide to Building Support for Gifted and Talented Education, Reprinted with permission from Patricia Bruce Mitchell, Editor)

SUGGESTIONS FOR PARENTS:

Your child's education depends on your ability to work with the people who work with your child. The following suggestions may help you in your relationship with your local board of education:

 
1. Know the responsibilities and limitations of your board; be familiar with its policy describing philosophy, goals and objectives.

2. Remember that board members are probably concerned parents like yourself, investing their good efforts and time to demonstrate that concern.

3. Be a well informed and supportive parent. Attend board meetings regularly and demonstrate your interest in quality education for all children.

4. Find opportunities to meet your board members personally; know both your friends and enemies and discover who is "sitting on the fence" about your interest in gifted children. This information tells you who and how many must be brought over to your way of thinking in order to raise a majority of votes for the issues that are important to you.

5. if you want to bring a specific issue before the board, give advance written notice which is signed by a group of parents who share your concern and who will attend the meeting with you. This will enable the board to prepare answers on which it can act instead of putting it on the defensive.

6. If you have reason to believe that the board will be unresponsive to you, send a copy of your letter to the press which regularly covers your board meetings.

7. Your questions to the board should be a search for information. Don't ask questions to which you know the answer merely to make the board look inept. A hostile board will not work with you.

8. Offer your help on a study committee with board members and educators to investigate your concerns about the education of gifted students to arrive at practical solutions.

9. Dedicate yourself to this: You can do anything you want to do if you want it badly enough, if you are willing to work hard enough, and if you will have a little patience - but not too much.

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Options for Parent Involvement
By Gina Ginsberg Riggs, Excerpt from the December 1996 Issue of Parenting for High Potential

1. Parents as audience (music, drama, sports events, science or curriculum fairs)

2. Parents as advocates (attending parent/teacher conferences; participating in the development of their child's Individual Educational Plan)

3. Parents as helpers (chaperones, fund-raisers, library or classroom volunteers)

4. Parents as learners (attending parent seminars, lecture/ discussion groups, joint activities for parents and educators)

5. Parents as partners (advisory board members, participants in problem-solving groups or task forces, committee members)

6. Parents as experts (leading workshops or other activities for educators in an area of expertise; consulting to schools in areas of skill such as computer software, energy efficiency. children's literature, playground construction)

7. Parents as "Just people" (participating in breakfasts, pat luck dinners, hobby groups, Saturday morning activities)

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A handful of "KNOWS" for parent advocates
(Swap, Susan McAllister. Enhancing Parent Involvement in Schools. New York, New York: Teachers College Press, 1987.)

Parents who want to be advocates for gifted education need some preparation before they wend their way through the educational system. Five Knows may assist in this trek...

Know yourself and where you stand,
Know what you are facing,
Know the law and how to make it work for you,
Know who's who in the school system, and
Know when, where, and how to contact people in education.

Know Yourself And Where You Stand

There is a world of difference between listening to a neighbor saying, "Your Susie is such a smart little thing," and receiving an official school notice that Susan had been identified as gifted.

It is perfectly normal for parents to be afraid of using the word gifted. It is a loaded word that may suggest far more than the parent would ever intend.

One of the most useful purposes of a parent organization for gifted education is to give parents a place and resources with which they can get acquainted with the vocabulary and the concepts of gifted education.

My first real contact with gifted education came not when our middle son was identified as such but when the teacher of gifted education called a meeting of the parents. She handed out a huge sheaf of papers on characteristics of the gifted, what parents can do for their gifted children, lists of books to read, and programs for the gifted.

I went home in a state of shock. Our son, who was in the gifted program, was a very stable, independent, generally cheerful 12-year-old, who had been so easy to parent. Suddenly, I was paralyzed with fear because I should know all the things in these papers and should be doing a hundred other things besides. I did not think I could cope with this different son of mine.

It definitely takes time to learn about gifted education and to become at ease with the word gifted.

But if you want your child to know what it is to have a challenge in school, if you want him or her to learn good study habits, and if you want to hear how exciting school is instead of how boring, you will want to begin the journey into advocacy for appropriate services for the gifted.

Know What You Are Facing

You may well hear some remarks along the way that could discourage you. It is helpful to be prepared and to have some answers ready. Even if the opportunity to use them does not come, being ready strengthens your self-confidence.

A common attitude is expressed by the comment, "Bright children have so much going for them. Why do they need special services?" This may come from people who work in other areas of special education. These people know that no matter how hard they try, the children they care about will never reach average levels in many ways. To them, the thought of spending time, money, and staff on those over average standards seems unjust. It is important to remember how deeply and intensely they may feel and to be sensitive to their position.

Just because some of us have discovered the wonderful world of gifted education does not mean that everyone around us will rush to our side.

If They're Bright, They'll Make It

This is another put-off. Our youngest son was identified as gifted in fourth grade. At that time, he could occasionally express an observation or insight that would be incredibly perceptive. In other words, he had no control over his intelligence. It operated in a random fashion. What the gifted program did for him was teach him how to harness his intelligence, how to solve problems in a conscious manner, using certain procedures and skills that were new to him. Now as a high school senior, he can handle independent work at the college level because of his special education.

Some people fear that if children are identified as gifted, they will think they are different. Any parent who watches interaction among children knows that gifted children already know they are different. They know their vocabularies are bigger than those of their peers, they know they can finish assignments faster, and they know they can often answer before the teacher finishes the question. The corollary is that their classmates also know.

One of our children used to say, "All these adults making referrals for the gifted program. Why don't they ask the kids? We know," And he was probably right. The reason for identifying children is not to label them but to give them the appropriate education they need.

Parents Are on an Ego Trip

I first heard this comment from two people I thought were among my best friends. I have heard it often since then. My own impression is that most parents tend more to be reticent than overbearing in this matter.

But even if a parent were the most obvious braggart ever, his or her child still needs the services. No child is denied the right to learn to read because his parents are socially unpleasant. This remark is, in my opinion, unfair, untrue, and irrelevant.

It is important to know that some school administrators may be unresponsive to your pleas for services. They may deny problems that you know exist. Some are under pressure from their superiors and their workload. Perhaps these are some of the reasons that they do not respond as positively as we would wish. Some just seem to feel a great need to save face.

Interestingly enough, I often realize at the beginning of a school year that a problem that supposedly did not exist the previous year has been solved or a program that was just my crazy idea is now in place. Satisfaction comes from knowing that your speaking up might have brought about or hastened the solution. It will not come from a thankful administrator.

Know The Law

The regulations for special education and for gifted education are usually available from a state's department of education. It is very helpful to know what is covered in the regulations, what is legally required, and what is suggested.

One time, I called an administrator to ask about the possibility of our county starting kindergarten-level identification of gifted children because research shows that early identification and service helps children. I was told that because identification of 5-year-olds was required for handicapped children but not gifted, there would be no program.

Several months later, I accidentally found in our state regulations a statement affirming the county's legal responsibility to provide this kind of service for all exceptionalities, including giftedness. To this day, I wish I had checked the regulations to see if I had legal backing before making that call.

In another situation, I attended our son's Placement meeting where about seven or eight school representatives chose to appear to discuss whether or not he was eligible for the gifted program. The top administrator present did not want to see him identified because his spelling and writing skills were poor. No other official would argue with his position. In fact, one or two supported him. Even the psychologist who had tested our son and found him to be gifted would not speak up. I knew, if I did not speak for our son, no one would. I kept saying that the program in our state was based legally on intellectual ability, not performance and that this boy needed the services of the program precisely because certain of his skills were poor.

In a clear case of saving face someone suggested that, because our son's spelling was below par, perhaps he had a hearing problem. The only hearing problem we had ever noticed occurred in the morning when he was told that it was time to get up! However, because we had reached an impasse and I had no more idea than anyone else how to proceed, I agreed to the hearing test. A later placement meeting promptly set him in the gifted program.

One of the most helpful functions an organization can provide is having a few parents act as advocates for parents who are new to the system. If this had not been my fourth child to go through the placement process, I would not have had the confidence to stand up to the system. Parent advocates can provide moral support, rational approaches, and solid information for other parents.

Know Who's Who In The System

Parents who have gotten to know their child's teachers, gifted teacher, and principal will be in a better position when the time comes to discuss a problem or possible changes. Beyond the school level, there are people in the central administrative unit of a local system who have various responsibilities for parts of the gifted program or can indirectly affect it.

The director of special education probably is the best source of information about the overall gifted program in your local area and certainly makes most of the significant decisions about it. Some school districts also have coordinators of special education. Although coordinators usually have a heavy workload, they do not have the authority of someone listed as director or supervisor. If they are good, they have the power of persuasion, which may be very effective; however, without the power of the purse, they are limited in what they can accomplish.

Also in the special education office is a secretary, who can give you specific information and let you know the best time to reach other staff members. In our county, she has at times given our organization time on the copying machine when teachers did not need it.

Some school districts also have area coordinators, such as a math coordinator. This person can set up teacher training sessions, ask for a consultant, help two schools set up a joint special program in an academic area, and generally advocate services for the gifted if so inclined.

Because reading is high on most school priority lists, many school systems have reading specialists. My friend, Carol, had a daughter who completed the sixth-grade reader in the first week of school. Carol asked the teacher what her daughter was to do the rest of the year. The teacher said that she should go back and reread the book with the class. Because Carol was not satisfied with this answer, she asked for a meeting with the principal and the teacher.

The principal invited a reading specialist to join the group. Carol later reported that the specialist knew what questions to ask the teacher to help him see that this particular sixth grader needed a curriculum beyond the standard one he was preparing to teach. One moral of this story is that the parent who can find an advocate within the school system is in a better position to be listened to than the one who has to work alone.

Sometimes there are assistant superintendents for particular areas, such as curriculum or secondary education. These experts can be approached on broad issues because they appreciate knowing what is being proposed before hearing it from the superintendent.

The school board is certainly important because it controls the budget and has the power to make long range facilities and curriculum decisions. In one case, a parents group that was alarmed by the inadequacy of the proposed new gifted resource room circulated a petition asking for legally adequate facilities.

Because they were fortunate to have a lawyer-parent among them, these activist parents promised an injunction against the school board if the situation was not corrected. They asked for time on the board agenda and let it be known why they wanted it. Before they had a chance to speak, the school board announced that it was allocating a large sum of money for a brand new room and equipment. I learned from this situation that firmness does count, advance notice can prevent a showdown, and group action has an effect.

Once you get to know the personnel, you have several advantages, such as knowing who has the stated responsibility and who has the real power. You also know who will speak up on your behalf. You can save energy and time by going directly to the person who can handle a situation. I once called a junior high school immediately after classes and poured out my heart - to the janitor!

If you have an organizational newsletter, send it to the people who can affect gifted education. In that way, they will get to know you and your work.

Know When, Where, And How To Contact People In The School System

School systems are highly structured. Generally, it is necessary to start at the bottom of the hierarchy. I can almost guarantee that if you go to the principal with a classroom problem, the first question you will be asked is, "Have you talked with the teacher yet?"

Even if you are sure how the teacher feels, you would do best to start there. And, sometimes, the solution is found simply by talking it out. Before you make an appointment, ask yourself a few questions and try some other techniques besides dialing.

Jeremy comes home from school, slams the door, and announces, "I hate Mrs. Jones. She gives the stupidest assignments!"

Before calling Mrs. Jones, you might ask yourself if this outburst is an isolated complaint or part of a general anger against this teacher or school. In the ideal world, there are no stupid assignments. However, if your general impression is that Mrs. Jones gives smart assignments, it is better not to create an adversarial situation over one day's less-than-perfect lesson.

A second question is, are you hearing the whole story? There is an outside chance that Jeremy did not finish the assignment. Mrs. Jones noticed and commented accordingly. Or perhaps Jeremy had to redo his work, rarely a pleasant task for anyone.

I have heard parents complain about the inadequacy of the assignments that their children have had to do, both in the regular classroom and in the gifted class. I always would wonder if the work was part of a larger, highly instructive assignment. Perhaps this simple assignment was necessary preparation for the more constructive work later on.

A principal who was not especially pleased by having a gifted program in his school noticed that the gifted students were making clay models of animals. He immediately berated the teacher for letting junior high students play with clay, an activity he claimed was appropriate only for small children. He did not bother to stay long enough to learn that the modeling was the culmination of an intensive unit on scientific observation. A university professor of biology had helped the students learn how to look for identifying characteristics in different types of reptiles. The models were not meant to be works of art as much as accurate representations of particular species.

My son brought home his crocodile with great pride and described to us how it was different from his friend's alligator. It was not playtime in that class.

A third step for a parent is making sure that he or she is not responding while in a pique of anger. If you can't keep your voice controlled and your heart is pitty-patting against your shirt, you need to take a walk down the road or sleep on the matter. Wait until you can be reasonable and civil and, if possible, until you can accumulate more evidence for your position.

Fourth, know that a non-school-based situation is often the best solution. All of the recent studies on public education seem to agree that our children do not learn enough problem solving skills in schools. Parents can help correct that deficiency.

Without evaluating your child's charge that a problem exists, you can help him or her work through some possible answers.

"If the situation is the way you say it is, what would Fix it up? Make it better? How could that be done? Who could do it? Would that solution work? What would be your part in it?"

All children can profit from learning problem-solving. Gifted children frequently grow up to take on professional positions in which solving problems is the key to successful performance.

When our daughter started high school, most of the students in the gifted program came from two large junior highs. Almost immediately, they closed ranks and became involved in a game of one-upsmanship. Because they had several academic classes together and spent time together with the gifted teacher, much of their curriculum was being affected.

My daughter reported the problem to me several times. Finally, she and her friends decided that they wanted the situation to improve. She talked with several of the students from the other school to assure them that the students from her school really wanted to be friends and that they hoped to start over fresh.

By the time two teachers had criticized the students, she could report that it was unnecessary because the students had taken care of the problem themselves. Not only were they proud of themselves, but this self-generated solution is much more likely to work than one imposed from above.

If, after all these constructive delaying techniques, you still want to meet with the school official or teacher, you may find that these points will help.

First, it is infinitely better to start off pleasantly than to stride into the room-ready for battle. Second, describe the situation as you understand it. That opens the way for the other person to add to or present a different view without an argumentative approach from either of you.

If you have evidence, bring it. Our fifth-grader had all A's one year; the next year, he came home with all Ss. I simply took the two report cards and said the overall drop in grades concerned rm. Then, it was up to the teacher to respond.

As with children, asking questions of adults is often more constructive than giving answers: "Do you, the teacher, see a problem? Is there something we can do at home? Are there solutions here at school? How soon can this be started (changed, remedied)? Do we need to meet again?"

After the meeting, send a thank-you note. Even if the meeting is unpleasant to the point of open hostility, send that note. You can always thank the person for giving time and attention to your concern.

Many teachers. whether good, bad, or indifferent in their skills, work hard for years without ever receiving a note of thanks for their efforts. Sometimes, I think those notes bring out more positive results than our frontal assaults.

As an organization, you can use some additional guidelines for a meeting. Keep your agenda short. After being organized for one year, our parent group sent 18 concerns and recommendations to the school administration. The administration cannot deal with 18 concerns simultaneously. Stay with one or two per meeting.

Consider the school schedule. I once went to the main office the last day before school opened in the fall for some information. Everyone was scurrying around and certainly had no time for me. I scurried too --- right out the door.

Summer, on the other hand, is a perfect time to discuss general topics, like the future of the school's gifted program or finding good topics for parent programs. Administrators are not under as much pressure for deadlines then and often enjoy having time for an idea session.

After you make an appointment, verify it with a letter. "For our meeting next Tuesday, we hope to talk about...." This gives the administrator the opportunity to prepare for the meeting as you have. Sometimes, I fear we have ourselves all ready, and we absolutely pounce on the unprepared school person who immediately feels so defensive that the meeting never has a chance of being productive.

Always have at least two people representing your group. Not only do you provide moral support for each other and complement each other's knowledge, you also provide witness for each other in questionable situations.

Include a man. Without any desire to defend the situation, we have found that there are a few administrators who see mothers as emotional faucets who pour out their story and then are to be dismissed, but fathers are people with whom they will do business. The important point here is that parents want to present their case in the most favorable light possible. If a person is hung up on the fact that the person present is female, that case may not ever be heard.

Ask for a timetable if you want changes, additions, or deletions. In that way, you have more than a pleasant conversation that ends nowhere. You can check up on promises.

Again a follow-up letter verifying the meeting is important. For example. "Our understanding of the decision we reached is.... Please let us know by October 1 if this is incorrect. Thank you for your time and interest."

Knowing these five Know's can enhance an organization's advocacy role. It can also strengthen the individual efforts of those who want to see their gifted children receive a public education that will lift their spirits and minds.

The role of parent advocate is not an easy one. However, as I look back on the growth of the gifted program in my own county and the increasingly positive attitudes among educators, I have a sense of satisfaction that our parent organization was part of the growth and learning process and that our children and many others are starting to experience the benefits of our trek.

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SUGGESTIONS FOR WORKING WITH SCHOOL BOARDS
(GCT-November /December. 1987-11)

1. Attend a few board meetings and JUST LISTEN. Find out what it's like to be on a school board. Quite often it is a thankless job that few people volunteer for. Most school board members are parents and taxpayers just like vou, with concerns and worries about their children's education that are just as strong as yours. By attending a few meetings before your actual presentation, you can learn who the officers are, how the meetings are conducted, and most important, which members seem to have the most power at influencing the others.

2. Do your HOMEWORK. You are not ready to make a presentation before the school board until you have gathered facts and information which will support your concerns. A supportive parent has influence. A supportive AND informed parent has POWER! POWER TO MOTIVATE. POWER TO CREATE OR CHANGE POLICIES. First, find out exactly what is or isn't happening for gifted children in your district. There may be programs or activities happening for gifted children in classrooms other than your child's. Second, find out what is happening in other school districts in your state, especially those of similar size and financial status. Third, talk to other parents. A group presentation with one member serving as spokesperson might be effective. And it is a comfort to know you are not in this alone! Fourth, prepare a written HANDOUT, one for each board member which summarizes the facts and details about your concerns.

3. GET TO KNOW THE BOARD MEMBERS PERSONALLY. Can you call the board members by their first names? Have you invited them over for coffee? Do you know their occupations? Have you given a board member a chance to know vou personally?

4. Ask, IN WRITING, ahead of time, to be placed on the agenda for the next board meeting. Most school boards stick to a prearranged agenda. Just because you show up at the meeting doesn't mean you will be given a chance to participate. Include in this written notice some of the issues you wish to raise with the board. This will allow the board members to prepare in advance some of their answers and spare them the embarrassment of being uninformed.

5. Offer SUGGESTIONS. Nobody likes to listen to criticism from someone who offers no solutions. This is where your homework will come in handy. It is better to offer several alternatives that the board may act on. Forcing one solution may only put them on the defensive.

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IDEAS, ACTIVITIES, AND PROJECTS FOR PARENT SUPPORT GROUPS
(GCT-November /December. 1987-11)

 

Sponsor workshops, conferences, and conventions

Compile a resource list of citizens willing to serve as mentors

Compile a resource list of people, places, and things for field trips

Sponsor a gifted fair to display and share talents of gifted children

Publish a newsletter

Attend school board meetings and present information on gifted education

Volunteer the services of parents as teacher aids

Present free memberships to legislators, public officials, administrators

Provide information and/or sponsor summer programs for gifted children

Compile a resource list of books, periodicals, and journals related to gifted

Establish a PR committee to increase public awareness of gifted

Establish a legislative committee to explore funding possibilities

Publish a book of stories, poems written by gifted children

Invite experts in the field of gifted education to speak at meetings

Investigate and visit other gifted programs in other school districts

Become a clearing house for information dates of conventions and workshops

Exchange ideas and information with other parent support groups

Provide articles for newspapers on gifted programs (include pictures)

Publish a handbook for children of gifted parents

Support political candidates who advocate gifted education

Sponsor a young authors contest, creative problem-solving bowl, Odyssey of the Mind

Raise money for scholarships for gifted children

Work with public libraries to provide special programs for gifted

Organize after-school and/or Saturday minicourses for gifted.

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Promoting Gifted Education in Your Community
by Kristen Stephens

Despite the fact that there is a strong need to build awareness of the purposes for gifted programs and the special needs of the students these programs serve, developing solid advocacy efforts for gifted programs has been an overlooked area in the field. Public awareness could rescue gifted programs from budget cuts and benign neglect by gathering much needed support, and parents can play a vital role in communicating with the public the necessity of maintaining appropriate educational experiences for gifted students.

Why Gifted Programs Need Community Support

The educational needs of the nation's gifted students continues to be a controversial topic. The general public holds many different attitudes and beliefs relating to gifted and talented students. Unfortunately, there are also a number of misconceptions about gifted students. For example:

* they need no special programming, that they will succeed anyway;

* their families are always supportive;

* they are not aware of their differentness unless they are identified as gifted;

* they enjoy being examples for other students; and

* they prefer social isolation.

These common misconceptions are directly related to the lack of knowledge many have about the characteristics and educational needs of exceptional students. If we hope to build and maintain community support for gifted programs, we must increase the awareness in the community of the unique needs and qualities of gifted students as well as the benefits of gifted education programs so we can

* resolve the equity vs. excellence debate;

* dispel myths about gifted students;

* locate and maintain funding sources for gifted education;

* recruit teachers into the field of gifted education; and

* create policies and/or mandates for gifted education.

Equity vs Excellence

Advocates of gifted education need to address the "Equity vs. Excellence" issue. Many community members perceive gifted programs as elitist. However, it is neither fair nor reasonable to provide equal educational programming and hold equal expectations for all students, regardless of their abilities. By providing enrichment and acceleration experiences for gifted students, we are providing them with what they need, not superfluous or unnecessary education. Helping the community see and value the educational needs of gifted and talented students will help generate support for their special programming requirements.

Dispel Myths

It is vital that advocates dispel the myths associated with gifted students. Several of the more common myths are:

It is undemocratic to give special attention to the gifted. This myth relates back to the equity versus excellence debate. All students should receive educational programming that is appropriate to their needs and abilities.

Gifted Students will do well on their own. Gifted students need special educational programs to meet their complex learning needs. Without special considerations, these students may not reach their full potential.

Gifted students should strive to be part of the mainstream. Our country was founded on the premise that all individuals would develop their natural talents for the benefit of society. We should not be satisfied with mediocrity when excellence and preeminence are necessary to compete in the ever-changing world marketplace.

Gifted students in special programs will have social-emotional problems. The reverse of this myth is probably more often true. If gifted students do not receive the necessary enrichment experiences they need, social-emotional discontent may surface.

Improve Understanding

Educating the general public about the characteristics and needs of gifted students is of utmost importance in gaining community support. Presenting clear facts and information relating to current research can help improve the public's knowledge and perceptions of gifted children and the programs that serve these unique students. Enhancing community support for gifted education will help locate and maintain financial support for gifted programs. Funding for gifted education is limited, with additional budget cuts occurring from year to year. In order to keep gifted programs appropriately funded, it is imperative that we improve public opinion and awareness of the benefits of quality educational options for gifted students. As taxpayers, citizens play a crucial role in the appropriation of funds for various programs that affect gifted education. As stakeholders in the system, these same community members need to be made aware of the impact appropriate gifted programming can have on both students and the community as a whole.

Recruit Teachers

Strong public support will encourage teachers to enter the field of gifted education and to sustain, perhaps increase, the number of teachers pursuing degrees and certification in gifted education. It is essential that student-teacher ratios be kept low in the gifted classroom to ensure that the needs of these exceptional students can be adequately addressed. Whenever teacher units are cut, class size grows. Continued public support can assist in recruiting and maintaining quality teachers for gifted students.

Finally, public endorsement is desperately needed to advocate for state mandates for gifted education so that appropriate educational opportunities can be assured to all gifted students. Again, citizens play a vital role in developing and establishing policies relating to education.

Continued legislative support is needed to ensure a certain future for gifted education.

Why Parents?

There are several reasons why parents make excellent ambassadors for spreading the word about gifted education. Parents are a primary, direct link between the school and the general community. This link can be nurtured and strengthened to become a vital and valuable resource. In addition, parents of gifted children have first-hand experience with the characteristics of gifted children and youth; they can influence other parents; they can make issues relevant and clear to the general public; they may have direct contacts to those in influential positions at the local, state, or national level; school administrators listen to parents; and parents can network to pool their skills for formulating an effective public relations plan.

While parents can be an excellent connection to the community, to be an effective advocate it is necessary to become well informed of the issues and policies relating to gifted education within the local school districts and state. Thorough research to acquire a strong knowledge base on concerns relating to gifted education will enhance accurate communication with the public. Misinformation can create more harm than good. Below are some more guidelines and activities:

* Speak out on behalf of gifted and talented children and appropriate educational programs and services;

* Be sure to stay on top of developments in your local school budget and curriculum planning decisions. It is always easier to have an impact on key decisions before they are made, rather than trying to undo unfavorable determinations;

* Advocate as individual parents and join others as well;

* Check to see if there is a local organization in your area already working on these issues;

* Check with your state gifted education organization. They may know of activists in your area.

* Offer to work with the state association on issues in the state capital and in Washington, DC;

* Consider starting your own local group to work with parents, teachers, and your local school board;

* Help make sure that gifted education programs and services in your area, as well as student activities and competitions, receive coverage in your local paper. The public gets behind local success stories!

Kristen Stephens is a doctoral student and graduate assistant at the Center for Gifted Studies at The University of Southern Mississippi.

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Questions Parents of Gifted Students Should Ask Schools
by James Gallagher 

Many parents dread the times they must meet their child's teacher. The thought of meeting the principal or superintendent sends chills up their spines. To many parents, the school is a "castle on the hill," distant and foreboding, a feeling that can prevent parents from interacting with the school system on a constructive basis. However, there are questions that parents of gifted students should ask of their school system regarding the program or services for their children. Their right to ask such questions matches the right of any parent.

What services are available for gifted students in this school and school system, and what are the goals of such services? 

The representative of the school should be able to speak at length on the nature and purpose of the program or services the school and school system provide. The school system should have a comprehensive K-12 set of services for gifted students and some special opportunities available to advanced students in all major content fields (math, social studies, etc.). He or she should be able to tell you why and how your child has been deemed eligible for these services and what they hope the outcome will be for your child. These statements should be more specific than "we hope to improve her thinking skills." Be sure to ask, "How do you propose to do this? With what resources?" 

How much time each week will my child spend in the gifted education program or receive services? 

This question is key since there is great variation among schools regarding the time provided for gifted students. Time allotted to these programs can extend from one hour a week to all day or something in between. Most specialists believe that anything less than five hours a week is unlikely to have a strong positive impact. If the school explains that the child's needs are being taken care of in the regular classroom, they should be able to detail what differentiated services are being applied in that setting, and by whom. 

Have the teachers in the gifted education program received specialized training?

All too often, teachers are assigned to gifted programs without any specific preparation. If they have not received training in educating gifted students they should at least have advanced training in the content field they are teaching. The school should also have a viable, articulate plan for helping teachers receive additional preparation if they are not currently certified or otherwise prepared. The regular classroom teacher should also have some special preparation, particularly if the primary responsibility for educating a gifted student depends on him or her. 

Has my child received an assessment?

Since individual assessments cost schools money, some administrators would rather rely on general or group tests or on teacher judgment to decide who should be in a gifted education program. The school should tell you what test instruments or procedures are used in assessing your child and what has been learned from them. How far is the child's achievement from the average for his or her grade? Are the results of the assessment being used to develop an education plan tailored for your child?  

Are there specialized materials (e.g., software) used in the gifted education program or services? 

The school representative should be able to name any special curricula or advanced materials that are being used. These materials should be easily accessible to the student, and the media room should have samples of materials available for parents to review. 

How will the school know if the gifted education program or services are working? 

Too few school systems are following a specific evaluation plan designed to tell the teacher what is working and what is not and for which children. The school representative should be able to state specifically what they will do to demonstrate the benefits of the program for your child. Findings (test results, analyses of portfolios, or student projects, etc.) should be available to parents and shared on a regular basis. 

How can I help the program? 

Parents can be valuable adjuncts to the special instruction schools provide, and schools should be able to make specific suggestions as to how parents can help. There may be times, however, when a school is reluctant to accept your input, and your best efforts to be cooperative are rebuffed. It is important for you to know that you are not alone. There are probably other parents who feel the way that you do, and they may already be in an organized group. (You can check with your state gifted education association for names of other interested parents in your area). Groups of parents are invaluable in convincing school administrators that gifted and talented students have special education needs. It sometimes requires repeated efforts. 

Parents often do not realize the various pressures that school administrators and teachers are under. Schools must deal with unruly students, students who are failing or are unmotivated, and the school day is often filled with a variety of immediate crises that may keep them from a full appreciation of the needs of your child. Under such circumstances you must remain vigilant. In order to ensure that your child's educational needs are met, you should interact personally with the school. A vigorous parent involvement and inquiry has been one of the best ways to develop a comprehensive, appropriate educational programs for your child.

Dr. James Gallagher is Kenan Professor of Education at the University of North Carolina and has worked over 30 years in the field of education for exceptional children. He has served as the President of the World Council for Gifted and Talented, President of the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) and of The Association for the Gifted (TAG), and President of the National Association for Gifted Children (NAGC). A prolific author in the field, Dr. Gallagher was editor of the Journal for the Education of the Gifted for eight years. His textbook, Teaching the Gifted Child, is now in its fourth edition.

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The Tea and Terrorist Society

Parent Advocacy at the District Level

By Monique Lloyd
Originally published in the Hollingworth Center for Highly Gifted Children Newsletter, Radical Red Issue

Many parents feel powerless when dealing with their public schools; this is especially true of parents with highly gifted children. The end-point comes when they recognize their school system is not responsive to the needs of students, parents, and community members and they find they must take radical action. The less a child's needs are being met by the school system, the greater the likelihood the parent will work for long term and widespread change. The strength of that drive is not based on any abstract philosophical or political theories but on one of the fiercest instincts on earth -- protecting one's children.

I have four sons, all identified by my district as intellectually gifted and each entitled by Oregon law to receive instruction at his individual rate and level. I reached my end-point the day I realized I had a file drawer full of records of meetings, phone calls, and letters with school officials going back six years. For six years I'd tried to get school officials to understand that not challenging my children and others like them was hurting them. They hadn't listened. My children were still suffering. All the letters I'd written could have been resent to the same people changing only the dates. I'd played by their rules and wasted an enormous amount of time and energy trying to change an indifferent system. I eventually turned to homeschooling but at the same time continued to serve on district committees and attend school board meetings. I wanted school officials to be very aware that I was still there, still watching what they were doing, still asking hard questions, and demanding answers. I was not going away.

I found three other mothers in my district who had reached their end-points at about the same time I had. We live in a small, rural community and had known each other since our children began school. We began meeting in each other' s homes on a regular basis to drink tea and complain about the schools. Soon our discussions turned to what we could do. These mothers had highly gifted children; some also had children who were learning disabled. The Tea and Terrorist Society was born.

We realized we needed to understand our community. One mother's family had lived here for generations. She knew which people were related, who had known each other since childhood, and how well they got along. We learned A and B were cousins and very close, for example; something a casual observer would never have guessed, and that it would not be wise to ask neighbors C and D to work together because, while cordial to each other in public, they had been feuding for years.

We recognized the culture of our community was rural and what that meant. Most of our school board members were farmers. They distrusted technology, did not question the administration, and had trouble seeing beyond what their eyes told them was there. The nature of our community had begun slowly shifting in the previous few years and while we were and are still quite rural, an influx of small business owners, commuters, and retired folks who were outspoken and active in community affairs, including the schools, had joined us. We knew they could help to effect change in the schools.

One mother saw the world in visual terms and gave us ideas about what to wear and why, how to hold our bodies, and use our eyes, voices, and hands. Each of us took turns sitting next to her at meetings and listened as she whispered to us what was really happening based solely on body language. The third mother was adept at conversing with anyone. Her skills were key. I worked to keep us focused and organized. We shared what we were good at with each other and then shared what we'd learned with others in little bits and pieces and in small and subtle ways.

Our first goal was giving parents hope. We worked at empowering others. We didn't hold public meetings but looked at individuals' skills, the level of risk taking they were comfortable with, the level of frustration they felt with the schools, and gave each person encouragement and personalized ideas. Some parents took everything we gave them and went further, adding more ideas. We noted the techniques which were successful and helped spread them. We included the community's traditional leaders by encouraging their involvement in ways that worked for change.

Much of our information was passed along in what appeared to be informal and spontaneous conversations. These casual discussions at the end of phone conversations with neighbors, friends, and acquaintances, after football and basketball games, outside the local grocery store and post office, before a school or community meeting, or while waiting to pick up children from school were, in actuality, all carefully planned.

We made many lists but little of our communication was written. We found ways to bring the topic of conversation to the schools and then shared the ideas we had, checking the points on our lists off mentally. When talking about the school board, for example, we let it be known that their names and phone numbers was available from the district office. We shared information about how to talk to them effectively -- call after dinner time, ask if they have a few moments to talk before starting, stay calm, speak quietly and clearly, and state the problem or concern concisely. Most of our board members were men. We noted that they paid closer attention when other men spoke so we encouraged women to persuade their husbands to go to meetings and speak up.

We shared advocacy tips: Decide what you want from the school for your children and develop a plan, deciding beforehand on the minimum you'll accept. Recognize you always have options. Persistence is essential because school officials know that most people will give up after a few obstacles are placed in front of them. Document everything in writing. If we had time and the person was interested we'd give brief examples, showing how these ideas had been effective for someone they knew.

As parents became more sophisticated we gave them more ideas. When a teacher appears to be ignoring a letter you've sent about a problem, send another thanking him or her for working to resolve the issue and ask for an update, making sure to send a copy to the principal. If you're told something can't be done because of a district policy, a law, an administrative rule, or research ask to see it in writing; oftentimes it's been misinterpreted and sometimes it doesn't exist. We analyzed letters we received from school officials for style and content and added any effective techniques they used to our repertoire. We allowed them to teach us and then we went out and taught others what we'd learned.

There's an old country saying that you can't act like a skunk without someone getting wind of it. Holding school officials accountable in public for what they did and didn't do helped everyone better identify the source of the smell. We insisted the district comply with state records and meetings laws. After making several long-distance phone calls to the State Attorney General's office, we discovered we could purchase a copy of the Public Records and Meetings Manual for less than twenty dollars. It became an invaluable tool. With access to records and meetings which had formerly been denied to us, we began to ask more and harder questions. As the current reality became clearer and parents began to believe they could change schools to meet their children's needs, they developed visions of what could be and began to work to make those visions the reality.

We avoided personal vendettas, recognizing that school officials do what they do because they are trained to make and follow rules and regulations. It's part of who they are and how they think. We aimed to give them ways and reasons to think differently and if they couldn't then to find ways to replace them with others who could.

We used what was in the system and made it more effective. For example, in our district a parent is included on the interview committee when a new teacher or administrator is to be hired. We didn't try get on these committees ourselves but rather we'd wait until someone had volunteered or been appointed and then gave that person ideas about what questions to ask. Often we'd talk briefly to several people we knew that parent knew and trusted and let them discuss it with the committee member.

What we did could never have been accomplished by just one or two individuals. Not only did we need each other's skills and insights we needed each other when we became discouraged and tired. We learned to laugh at ourselves and not take ourselves too seriously. We analyzed what had happened when things went awry and brainstormed to find new directions and tactics. Our husbands provided financial support and cheered us on. They also provided us with additional insights and techniques.

The Tea and Terrorist Society was active for four years. Our district has a new superintendent, new principals, and new school board members. A number of teachers have decided to go to other districts. The current school board chairman is a retired IBM executive with an MBA. There is constant attention to finding ways to change and improve. Our district's goals are determined with community input, measurable, and continuously examined to ensure they are reached.

Parents worked with administrators and the board to develop innovative options. A public alternative school, which is in direct competition for the district's students, is in its second year of existence with support from the district. Parents also have the option to sign an alternative education contract. After determining the best program for the student and developing an individualized program for him or her, utilizing a combination of in-school courses, computer and satellite dish classes, the parents, superintendent, and student sign an alternative education contract. These students are public school, alternative education students even though some of their work may be done at home. We made sure not to cut any special, secret deals. All the programs are in policies adopted by the school board. This helps protect them.

My sons have gone back into the public schools after having been subject and grade accelerated. The district has added advanced courses through distance learning and community college classes. The children of the other members of the Tea and Terrorist Society are attending the alternative school or having their needs met in the public school. We've continued to closely monitor what is going on in the schools and the community. We recognize there are still problems and that the district could slip back into old habits. We understand that neither success nor failure is ever final.

Things didn't always work out the way we planned. Sometimes unexpected twists and turns brought us to new and marvelous places we'd never have thought to go. Sometimes serendipity came to the rescue and a problem was resolved without our intervention. It was hard work, time consuming, and emotionally exhausting. It had to be done over and over again because people moved away or their children grew up and out of the schools.

The public schools do not belong to administrators and teachers. They belong to us. Parents have enormous power, much more than they think they do. They just have to use it. If you want change in your school district and are searching for a leader look in a mirror and smile. Then find a few others like yourself and get to work.

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Ten Tips for Parents of Students
By Monique Prevost Lloyd

1. Never go to the school angry. Anger begets more anger. If your child comes home and tells you that his teacher hates him/her, it's very easy for a parent to get angry. It is even easier for a parent of a gifted child to feel this way because it is highly likely that you too are gifted. When you were growing up you may not have been recognized as gifted and you may have many unresolved feelings from your school experience. Try to become aware of this and realize that you may still be carrying around old baggage.

When you are calm, call the school and ask to speak to the teacher. The school system is a bureaucratic system with a hierarchy. If the problem is in the classroom, call the teacher first and listen carefully to what he/she has to say. If you are unsatisfied with the response, call the principal and request a meeting, preferably with both the principal and the teacher involved present. Find out what the hierarchy is and what the procedures are before there is a problem.

2. Be sensitive in sensitive situations. As you become more educated about TAG children and TAG education, you may find yourself in some uncomfortable situations. For example, a teacher may quote research you know is out of date. Many teachers are open and responsive to new information but others are not. You may need to find another way to get what your child needs.

3. Be aware of the words you use and aware of the words others use. If a teacher uses words or terms you don't understand, ask for an explanation. Sometimes misunderstandings happen because people have different definitions for the same words. For example, when one person says "ability grouping" the other thinks "tracking". You can't communicate with someone if you're not speaking the same language.

4. Ask yourself: "Whose problem is it?" You need to be able to determine whose problem it is before you can begin to solve it. If a teacher tells you he/she is uncertain about how to meet your child's needs suggest a meeting with the principal, TAG coordinator, school counselor, or other knowledgeable person in the system who can give the teacher some ideas.

5. Develop a plan. Set short and long term goals about what you want for your child. Develop an action plan and a strategy. Make a timetable. View yourself as a problem solver. To solve a problem you must first define it, brainstorm for possible solutions, choose the most likely solution, and then try it. If it doesn't work, try another idea. Be persistent and organized and keep yourself focused on your goals.

6. Document your activities. If you have more than one child, a job, a household and/or business to manage, do volunteer work, and have a few hobbies just for yourself, it can be very difficult to remember when you last spoke to your child's teacher and what was discussed and agreed upon. Keep track of it in writing. If you and teacher have agreed on some very specific points and you want to make sure that the communication is clear, write a letter summarizing what you believe happened at the meeting and mail it to the teacher, requesting a response if there is a difference of opinion.

7. Thank teachers. If you have a conference send a thank you note the next day. Even if the meeting did not go well write a note thanking the individual for his/her time. Always be sincere. It is important to keep the communication lines open.

8. Be informed. Be informed about your child's classroom, your district, the law, and the needs of gifted children. The time to meet your child's teacher is before there's a problem. Establish a relationship at the beginning of the school year. Attend school board meetings and budget meetings. It's true they're sometimes boring. It's also true that there you can gain information and insight that you cannot get anywhere else. Begin talking to your board and budget committee members and get a sense of where they are regarding gifted education. Nurture those who support it and provide information in a non-threatening way to those who do not.

9. Join with other parents for emotional support. This is essential to your well-being. Being a parent is hard job. Being a parent of a gifted child (or children) is a very, very hard job. Be aware of your children's strengths and that they may view the world in a different way, with a different perspective and have deep passions and intense interests.

If someone should make a subtle negative remark about your child an effective technique is to agree with them but then change it so that it becomes positive. For example, if someone says your child is a loner you could reply "Yes. He's always been quite independent and self-motivated." If someone says your child has real stubborn streak you could say "Yes. She's always been very determined and persistent." If someone describes your child's stories as "bizarre and weird" you might say "Yes. He's quite creative and imaginative. Perhaps he'll give Stephen King a run for his money some day."

There are other parents who have survived having half-finished projects scattered everywhere because their child is more interested in the process than the product. There are other parents who don't have a working flashlight in their home because their child has taken them all apart trying to figure out how they work. Actively look for those parents. Find them and share your experiences. You are not alone.

10. Recognize that how well your child is educated depends primarily on you. The person who is most important in your child's education is the one who is the most important in his/her life. That person is you. Make sure your child has access to a large variety of books. You don't have to hand them books and tell them to read. Just leave them lying around. If you want to be really sneaky, hide them. They'll find them.

Listen to different types of music on the radio. Expose them to different ideas, cultures, and ways of looking at things as much as you can. Make it a priority. Don't let a limited family budget stop you. Be creative and be generous about sharing your ideas with other parents.

Talk to your child. Sometimes the shortest answers are best. To a question like, "Why don't they let just the smart people vote?", an answer like "Just because someone is smart doesn't mean they know what is best for everyone," can cause a gifted child to think for a long time. If he/she asks more questions, direct him/her to resources to get additional information. In this example you could direct your child to the public library and the writings of Thomas Jefferson.

Remember that you always have options. If public school doesn't work, try private school (many offer scholarships or are willing to make financial arrangements). Homeschooling is possible even for single parents. There are others who have done it and can help you do it.

Don't over-schedule your child and don't let an older child over-schedule him/herself. Everyone needs time to think, to plan, and most of all, to dream.

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What Works!
by Monique Lloyd

Some TAG parents have found creative and inventive ways to resolve problems.
PROBLEM

A sixth-grade student was denied admission to the district's TAG program despite strong evidence, including a state standardized test score at the 97th percentile in total reading, parent nomination, and two teacher nominations, that he qualified. The parent wanted identification because the student's teacher was insistent he was only an average reader and refused to modify any assignments.

OPTIONS

The parent met with the teacher and principal several times to no avail.

The parent chose not to file a formal, written complaint because the school year was more than half-over and she had no confidence that the complaint process would result in any changes in the classroom.

The district had only one sixth-grade classroom. There was no where to move the student except out-of-district, an option neither the parent nor the student wished.

Both parents worked full-time and home-schooling was not an option.

SOLUTION

The parent wrote a letter to the principal, with copies to the district superintendent and the teacher, stating that as of Monday of the following week the student was to be sent to the library during reading time and that she would provide his reading assignments to do there. Additional reading instruction was provided at home by the parent. The parent described this as "homeschooling in reading only" although the child stayed in school the entire day.

There was strong opposition from the teacher, but the parent persisted and an agreement was reached and put into writing.

RESULT

The problem was resolved for that school year.

The parent felt, however, that school officials were not responsive to her son's needs. This was confirmed when the district continued to refuse to identify the student as TAG despite a total reading score at the 99th percentile at the end of the year.

The parent met with the district's only seventh-grade Language Arts teacher who indicated that she did not plan to modify the student's reading program.

The parents decided to send this child to a private school. They also felt it important to hold the system accountable so they sent a letter to each member of the school board, with a copies to the district superintendent and principal, informing them why they were removing their child from the public school system.

PROBLEM

A kindergartner began school capable of reading books at the fifth-grade level and understanding mathematical concepts including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, fractions, percentages, and simple Algebra.

The school immediately recognized that the student's program needed to be radically modified but refused to allow the student out of the kindergarten classroom.

The parent saw a problem developing when the student decided he wanted to do what the other kids were doing instead of working alone. She requested that at the end of the school year he be double promoted and provided with instruction commensurate with his assessed level in a second grade classroom. The principal opposed grade-skipping on philosophical grounds and denied the request. Her concerns revolved around socialization issues and insisted that age placement was more important.

OPTIONS

The parent felt that the only appropriate option for her child was a double promotion and then instruction at assessed level in academic subjects.

There were no private schools in the area and the parent was uncertain of her abilities to homeschool.

This child was the youngest of four children and had excellent social skills but his interests were those similar to those of older children. He could not understand why no one had the same interest in insects that he did, for example, or why they didn't understand his jokes, which were often word-play.

SOLUTION

The parent sought the help of a sympathetic first-grade teacher, and together with the kindergarten teacher, arranged for the student to spend half of his time in the first-grade classroom. The student fit in very well and made friends. The teachers, with written permission from the parents, obtained permission from the principal to have the student take the first grade standardized tests with those students.

RESULT

When a meeting was held at the end of the year, the first-grade teacher reported that the student had scored at the 99th percentile in both total reading and math and that the student fit in well with the first grade students, both academically and socially. Permission to double-promote was granted and the following year the second-grade teacher provided opportunities for the student to work ahead in all subjects without isolating him.

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Parent Information
from Hoagies gifted website

Who Are The Gifted?